MICHELANGELO Essays - Sistine Chapel, Renaissance Painters

MICHELANGELO 1.Early Childhood On the off chance that you don't think about craftsmanship, at that point you don't think about Michelangelo Buonarotti. He was need to been the best and positively the most acclaimed craftsman delivered by western human advancement, and all around saw as the Supreme Renaissance Artist. All through his accomplishment he has the control of being a : Painter, Sculptor, Architect, and furthermore a writer. With this sort of capacity this man had to have affected Western Europe. As an individual from the notable Florentine family, Michelangelo was brought into the world close to a little city Known as Arezzo, on March 6, 1475. His training finished in which we would think to have been to ahead of schedule for a kid to complete school, at 13 years old. He got his tutelage in painting, not school work from the craftsman Domenico, and Bertoldo di Giovanni . He was in continually within the sight of workmanship. These encounters gave Michelangelo a reasonable sense on evident craftsmanship. His instruction was appeared in one of his first works of art The Madonna of the Stairs, was painted when he was more youthful than 20 years old. 2.Contribution to Renaissance Michelangelo contributed huge numbers of his most prominent expressions and sculptures to huge numbers of the incomparable Kings and Queens of his time. One of his first and most renowned sculptures was Bacchus, the God of wine. In this sculpture Michelangelo amplified the old style perfect of excellence. His sculpture of David was additionally an impression of this thought. Michelangelo was given the most regard when he shaped the great marble piece named Pieta, which was a piece that demonstrated Athletic ability and dynamic activity. This huge piece was cut in Florence which gave the individuals of Florence an image of the pleased freedom of the Florentine Republic. This is only ONE of the prime instances of why Michelangelo added to the Renaissance. Try not to feel that Mike was done at this point. His greatest commitment to the Renaissance was the point at which he painted the Sistine Chapel. His association of the Sistine roof frescoes spoke to the most perplexing piece at any point made in Western Art. The artistic creation itself contains a mind boggling figment in which it fills in as an edge for sculpturelike structures. From the nine works of art on the roof, the most exceptional scene was the Creation of Adam, which demonstrated Michelangelo's new gander at the human body. It took him 4 years to finish the roof, yet in the event that you see it you will comprehend why it merited the pause. Unfortunately to state that Michelangelo kicked the bucket at the correct intense age of 89 on February 18,1564. 3.Conclusion As should be obvious that this man wasn't the sharpest surprisingly, however that wasn't he was known for. He was known for his wonderful works of art and great sculptures. He was to have been supposed to be one of most prominent craftsmen ever delivered, and his worked demonstrated that and remained constant. Taking everything into account I imagine that I am capable and safe to state that Michelangelo Buonarotti was genuinely a Renaissance man. Works Cited Alexander, Sidney, Michelangelo the Florentine(1985) and Nicodemus: The Roman Years of Michalengelo Buonarroti (1984): Michelangelo, Complete Poems and Scarlet Letters, trans. By Creighton Gilbert, 2d ed. (1965; repr. 1980); Cambon, Glauco, Michelangelo's Poetry (1985); Goldscheidner, Ludwig, Michelangelo: Paintings, Sculpture, Architecture, fourth ed. (1964) ;Groliers Multimedia Encyclopedia 1995 ed.(Internet)

Brave New World Essay

BNW Rough Draft Morally, the novel: Brave New World by Aldous Huxley isn't worthy to me. The plot, intriguing activities, and even the general principles in the book don't engage me as a peruser. One model that exhibits my aversion for the book, Brave New World, is on (pg 19-20): â€Å"’Bokanovsky’s Process,’ †¦ One egg, one incipient organism, one grown-up †ordinariness. †¦ A Bokanovskified egg will bud, will multiply, will separate. † This example from section one, actually as a peruser, makes me loathe the book. I for one don’t like finding out about logical realities; as well as uncanny extraterrestrial-like customs.I think it is simply, obviously, odd. A second explanation that shows my abhorrence for Brave New World is on (pg 88): â€Å"Swallowing †¦ that second portion of soma had raised a very invulnerable divider between the real universe and their psyches. † This case from Chapter 5 [part 1] is an immense motivat ion behind why I don't care for this specific novel. Soma is a reference to an ideal medication. As far as anyone knows, there is nothing amiss with it by any stretch of the imagination, and it makes you totally cheerful; deserting no negative impacts at all. I think this is a poorly conceived notion to place into a book due to today’s society of teenagers.Due to the effectively exceptionally colossal number of children who use drugs, they may become impacted and contend that the characters in BNW can take Soma and not be influenced. So then this leaves them to supporting that possibly everything will be entirely good in the wake of expending a specific medication in reality. My last occurrence that shows my objection for BNW is the means by which the word ‘Pneumatic’ is utilized particularly by Henry Foster and Benito Hoover to portray what it’s like to engage in sexual relations with Lenina. She herself comments that her darlings normally discover her â €Å"pneumatic,† tapping her legs as she does so.In reference to Lenina it implies balanced, expand like, or fun, regarding her tissue, and specifically her chest. Also, the utilization of this odd word to portray the physical qualities of both a lady and a household item underscores the novel’s subject that human sexuality has been debased to the degree of a product. By and by, I hate the very idea that the novel essentially spins around medications and sex, and being a Junior in High School right now, I don’t truly value perusing such material.Weird material as such regularly revolts the consideration of the adolescent. In derivation, the general substance, plot, characters, and medication references make me, as a peruser, doomed. I for one don’t like the general message/topic in which it presents either which is that human sexuality has been debased to the degree of an item. I just don’t think this is appropriate perusing material for individuals like me who are in High School. Not to mention, I’m just not that inspired by a book with themes like so. Exciting modern lifestyle Essay Exciting modern lifestyle Essay In Aldous Huxley’s epic, Brave New World, the residents of the World State are reared into explicit rank frameworks. These comprise of Alphas, Betas, Gammas, Deltas, and Epsilons. The distinctive standing frameworks vary from one another from multiple points of view, and have various purposes. There are numerous contrasts between the various gatherings in the position framework. Alphas are the most shrewd of all. They wear the shading dim, and are the tallest and most attractive. While creating inside the artificial belly, they were given the most oxygen.They typically function as superintendents, clinicians (Bernard), Director of incubation centers, and every World Controller are Alphas. Betas are somewhat less savvy then Alphas, yet at the same time higher in the station framework. They wear mulberry hued garments and there employments comprise of mechanics and medical attendants. Alphas and Betas normally partner with one another. Gammas, Del tas, and Epsilons are in the lower half of the cast framework. Gammas wear the shading green. They are typically head servants and different occupations that don't comprise of much thinking.Deltas sport khaki, and for the most part are helicopter specialists. The are mass created and have no independence. â€Å"Bokanovsky’s Process is one of the significant instruments of social solidness! † (Huxley, 7). This being said implies the World State doesn't think uniqueness is significant. Epsilons are very nearly being dolts. They sport dark, and got minimal measure of oxygen in the belly. They are dumb and generally press lift catches. The motivation behind this cast framework is that individuals will be content with their jobs.An model is that an Alpha would have a vocation in the clinical field, and an Epsilon would have a vocation squeezing catches. â€Å"Every one works for each one else. We can't manage with no one. Indeed, even Epsilons are helpful. We were unable t o manage without Epsilons. â€Å"(Huxley, 60). You need each standing framework to keep up ‘the immaculate World State’. I for one don't imagine that they mirror a part of our general public today. I think it is only a result of the general public of the World State. At long last, everybody needs everybody. The Alphas and Betas couldn't make due with out the Gammas, Deltas, and Epsilons, and the other way around.

Charlie Chaplin Essay -- Biography Biographies Chaplin Essays

Charlie Chaplin â€Å"It is definitely no misrepresentation to state that for the best piece of this century Charlie Chaplin was the most unmistakable person on the planet,† (Burr, 20). Chaplin did everything in the stage; he was an entertainer, chief, screenwriter, maker and author, (Reader‘s Companion 157). He was the perfect clothes to newfound wealth good example that each American longed for turning out to be. Charlie Chaplin reformed American the entertainment biz and motivated Americans to follow their fantasies since he was verification that even dark horses could make it to the top. Charles Spencer Chaplin had an extremely significant life. He was conceived in London on the sixteenth of April, 1889, (Douglas np) to two music lobby entertainers; Charles and Hannah Chaplin. (Reader’s Companion 157). His dad was an artist who had abandoned the family ahead of schedule in Chaplin’s life; he later kicked the bucket of liquor addiction, (Douglas np). Hannah was a smalltime vocalist yet gone through a large portion of her time on earth all through mental emergency clinics, (Byers 438). He had a relative named Sydney, (imdb.com). Chaplin was hitched multiple times and had an aggregate of eleven youngsters, (imdb.com). His first marriage was to Mildred Harris on the 23rd of October 1918, he was 28 and she was 16 years of age. They had a child together yet shockingly the infant just lived for three days, (Turk 49). Chaplin was an over the top obsessive worker to focus on marriage so he moved out in August 1920, while Mildred petitioned for legal separation, (Turk 50). He later experienced passionate feelings for multi year old Lita Gray during the creation of â€Å"The Gold Rush.† Lita’s mother disliked the relationship however once she discovered that Lita was pregnant with Chaplin’s infant she let them marry. On November 24, 1924 Lita and Chaplin got married. They had two youngsters: Charles Jr.... ...superstar.† Entertainment Weekly. Fall 1996. Byers, Paula. â€Å"Chaplin, Charles.† Encyclopedia of World Biography. second Ed. Detroit: Gale Research, 1998. 438-440. â€Å"Chaplin’s Admirers Tip Their Hats for his 100th.† Time. 1 May 1989. â€Å"Chaplin, Charles.† Charlie Chaplin. Roy Export Comp. 10 February 2004. http://charliechaplin.com/â€Å"Chaplin, Charles.† Dictionary of World Biography the twentieth Century An Inc. Volume VII. Pasadena† Salem Press, Inc. 1999. 653-656. â€Å"Chaplin, Charles.† Internet Movie Database. 1990. Web Movie Database Inc. 9 February 2004. http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000122/bio â€Å"Chaplin, Charles.† The Reader’s Companion to American History. 1991. 157 Douglas, Ann. â€Å"Charlie Chaplin: the comedian.† Time. 8 June 1998. Turk, Ruth. A Lerner Biography Charlie Chaplin Genius of the Silent Screen. Minneapolis: Lerner Publication Comp., 2000.

How and Why Guinea Pigs Were Domesticated

How and Why Guinea Pigs Were Domesticated Guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) are little rodents brought up in the South American Andes mountains not as neighborly pets, yet essentially for supper. Called cuys, they imitate quickly and have enormous litters. Today guinea pig feasts are associated with strict services all through South America, incorporating feasts related with Christmas, Easter, Carnival, and Corpus Christi. Current trained grown-up Andean guinea pigs go from eight to eleven inches in length and weigh somewhere in the range of one and two pounds. They live in groups of concubines, around one male to seven females. Litters are commonly three to four little guys, and here and there upwards of eight; the incubation time frame is three months. Their life expectancy is somewhere in the range of five and seven years. Taming Date and Location Guinea pigs were tamed from the wild cavy (no doubt Cavia tschudii, albeit a few researchers recommend Cavia aperea), discovered today in the western (C. tschudii) or focal (C. aperea) Andes. Researchers accept that taming happened somewhere in the range of 5,000 and 7,000 years prior, in the Andes. Changes recognized as the impacts of training are expanded body size and litter size, changes in conduct and hair hue. Cuys are normally dim, trained cuys have diverse or white hair. Keeping Guinea Pigs in the Andes Since both wild and local types of guinea pigs can be concentrated in a research facility, conduct investigations of the distinctions have been finished. Contrasts among wild and residential guinea pigs are in some part conduct and part physical. Wild cuys are littler and more aggressiveâ ​and give more consideration to their nearby condition than residential ones and wild male cuys don't endure one another and live in groups of concubines with one male and a few females. Residential guinea pigs are bigger and progressively open minded of multi-male gatherings, and display expanded degrees of social prepping of each other and expanded romance conduct. In customary Andean family units, cuys were (and are) kept inside however not generally in confines; a high stone ledge at the passage of a room keeps cuys from getting away. A few families fabricated uncommon rooms or cubby openings for cuys, or all the more commonly keep them in the kitchens. Most Andean family units kept at any rate 20 cuys; at that level, utilizing a fair taking care of framework, Andean families could create at any rate 12 pounds of meat for every month without diminishing their group. Guinea pigs were taken care of grain and kitchen pieces of vegetables, and the buildup from making chicha (maize) brew. Cuys were esteemed in people drugs and its insides were utilized to divine human disease. Subcutaneous fat from the guinea pig was utilized as a general ointment. Prehistoric studies and the Guinea Pig The main archeological proof of the human utilization of guinea pigs dates to around 9,000 years prior. They may have been trained as right on time as 5,000 BC, presumably in the Andes of Ecuador; archeologists have recouped consumed bones and bones with cut imprints from midden stores starting about that time. By 2500 BC, at destinations, for example, the Temple of the Crossed Hands at Kotosh and at Chavin de Huantar, cuy remains are related with ceremonial practices. Cuy representation pots were made by the Moche (around AD 500-1000). Normally embalmed cuys have been recouped from the Nasca site of Cahuachi and the late prehispanic site of Lo Demas. A reserve of 23 very much protected people was found at Cahuachi; guinea pig pens were recognized at the Chimu site of Chan. Spanish recorders including Bernabe Cobo and Garcilaso de la Vega expounded on the job of the guinea pig in Incan weight control plans and custom. Turning into a Pet Guinea pigs were brought into Europe during the sixteenth century, however as pets, as opposed to food. Stays of one guinea pig were as of late found inside unearthings at the town of Mons, Belgium, speaking to the most punctual archeological recognizable proof of guinea pigs in Europeand comparable so as to the seventeenth century canvases which show the animals, for example, the 1612 Garden of Eden by Jan Brueghel the Elder. The unearthings at the site of a proposed parking garage uncovered a living quarter which had been involved start in medieval occasions. The remaining parts incorporate eight bones of a guinea pig, all found inside a white collar class basement and contiguous cesspit, radiocarbon dated between AD 1550-1640, not long after the Spanish victory of South America. The recouped bones incorporated a total skull and the correct piece of the pelvis, driving Pigiã ¨re et al. (2012) to infer that this pig was not eaten, yet rather kept as a household creature and disposed of as a total remains. Sources History of the Guinea Pigâ from classicist Michael Forstadt. Asher, Matthias. Huge guys overwhelm: Ecology, social association, and mating arrangement of wild cavies, the precursors of the guinea pig. Conduct Ecology and Sociobiology, Tanja Lippmann, Jã ¶rg Thomas Epplen, et al., Research Gate, July 2008. Gade DW. 1967. The Guinea Pig in Andean Folk Culture. Geographical Reviewâ 57(2):213-224. Kã ¼nzl C, and Sachser N. 1999. The Behavioral Endocrinology of Domestication: A Comparison between the Domestic Guinea Pig (Cavia apereaf.porcellus) and Its Wild Ancestor, the Cavy (Cavia aperea). Hormones and Behaviorâ 35(1):28-37. Spirits E. 1994. The Guinea Pig in the Andean Economy: From Household Animal to Market Commodity. Latin American Research Review 29(3):129-142. Pigiã ¨re F, Van Neer W, Ansieau C, and Denis M. 2012. New archaeozoological proof for the acquaintance of the guinea pig with Europe. Journal of Archeological Scienceâ 39(4):1020-1024. Rosenfeld SA. 2008. Delicious guinea pigs: Seasonality contemplates and the utilization of fat in the pre-Columbian Andean diet. Quaternary Internationalâ 180(1):127-134. Sachser, Norbert. Of Domestic and Wild Guinea Pigs: Studies in Sociophysiology, Domestication, and Social Evolution. Naturwissenschaften, Volume 85, Issue 7, SpringerLink, July 1998. Sandweiss DH, and Wing ES. 1997. Ritual Rodents: The Guinea Pigs of Chincha, Peru. Journal of Field Archaeologyâ 24(1):47-58. Simonetti JA, and Cornejo LE. 1991. Archaeological Evidence of Rodent Consumption in Central Chile. Latin American Antiquityâ 2(1):92-96. Spotorno AE, Marin JC, Manriquez G, Valladares JP, Rico E, and Rivas C. 2006. Ancient and present day ventures during the taming of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus L.). Journal of Zoologyâ 270:57â€62. Stahl PW. 2003. Pre-columbian Andean creature trains at the edge of empire. World Archaeologyâ 34(3):470-483. Trillmich F, Kraus C, Kã ¼nkele J, Asher M, Clara M, Dekomien G, Epplen JT, Saralegui An, and Sachser N. 2004. Species-level separation of two obscure species sets of wild cavies, genera Cavia and Galea, with a conversation of the connection between social frameworks and phylogeny in the Caviinae. Canadian Journal of Zoologyâ 82:516-524.

The Elusive Term :: Essays Papers

The Elusive Term Ring-supplier is dangerous on the grounds that it doesn't adhere to its intelligent importance. Once looked into and characterized, it is realized that a ring-supplier is a ruler or overlord. Not only a ruler can be known as a ring-supplier. An individual in a managerial position can be alluded to as a ring-supplier. The thanes who got this honor of arm-ring or neck-ring demonstrated their fight value and were held in high regard by their family. In this way the warriors kept close watch of their prizes. After research, one additionally finds the expression ring-provider is a kenning; or Anglo - Saxon allegory. Ring-provider is a slippery word. Independently, ring is characterized as an elaborate roundabout band worn on a finger, and provider is characterized as to hand over something. Assembling those two definitions, ring-supplier infers the demonstration of giving rings. Notwithstanding, this isn't at all the case. A ring-provider is a lord or overlord. Somebody in power is additionally alluded to similar to the ring-provider. In the Norton Anthology we read in courageous verse in any event, a chief type of money was the gold arm ring; which had the benefit of being significant, compact and pompous; consequently the lord continually being alluded to as 'ring-supplier.' (28). In spite of the fact that it was generally the ruler who was given the name ring-provider, anybody in power, could be given the title. In the Grendel, Beowulf's most acclaimed adversary site, we see another event of a ring-supplier being conceived: When the retainers [soldiers] came back from fight, they were relied upon to surrender their abundance to their boss, who might then redistribute it as indicated by the presentation of every retainer during fight. Along these lines, we frequently discover the dryhten [overlord] being alluded to as the 'gold-supplier' or 'ring-provider.' Usually the lord had the ability to circulate abundance or prizes, however here we see that anybody in the administration position may have been given the renowned title of ring-provider. The lord or overlord gave out arm-rings or neck-rings to advance valor and battling for land and ruler. The person who got the ring was regarded by his individual fighters. These rings worn on either arm or neck, gave the wearer acknowledgment and moment envy in others. They were images of solidarity and mental fortitude; there probably been numerous endeavors to take such objects of money related and social worth. Nonetheless, it is suspicious that the fearless men who got such honors at any point allowed the chance to lose their trophies.

When Does Drug Use Become an Addiction

When Does Drug Use Become an Addiction Addiction Drug Use Print When Does Drug Use Become an Addiction? By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 03, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on May 28, 2019 Stockbyte / Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Drug addiction is a complex and chronic brain disease. People who have a drug addiction experience compulsive, sometimes uncontrollable, craving for their drug of choice. Typically, they will continue to seek and use drugs in spite of experiencing extremely negative consequences as a result of using. Characteristics of Addiction According to the American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM), addiction is characterized by:?? Inability to consistently abstain from the substance or rewarding experience (as in gambling, sex, or overeating)Impairment in behavioral controlCraving for the substance or rewarding experienceDiminished recognition of significant problems with your behavior and interpersonal relationshipsA dysfunctional emotional response Although the above five characteristics are usually present in most cases of addiction, ASAM noted that these five features cannot be used to diagnose addiction. Diagnosing addiction requires an assessment by a trained and certified professional. Talk to a doctor or mental health professional if you feel that you may have an addiction or substance abuse problem. The Alarming Signs and Symptoms of Addiction to Watch For Behavioral Manifestations of Addiction When friends and family members are dealing with a loved one who is addicted, it is usually the outward behaviors of the person that are the obvious symptoms of addiction. Those behaviors are primarily centered around the addicts impaired control:?? The excessive frequency of drug use in spite of attempts to controlIncreased time using or recovering from drug effectsContinued use in spite of persistent problemsA narrowing of focus on rewards linked to addictionAn inability to take steps to address the problems The Inability to Abstain Research has shown that prolonged drug use causes a chemical change in the brain of the addict that alters the brains reward system that prompts compulsive drug seeking in the face of growing negative consequences.?? This state of addiction, when the activity continues in spite of negative consequences and despite the fact it is no longer rewarding, is termed by addiction experts the pathological pursuit of rewards.?? It is the result of chemical changes in the reward circuitry of the brain. How Addiction Gets Started The reason that people engage in activity that can become addictive in the first place is either to achieve a feeling of euphoria or to relieve an emotional state of dysphoriaâ€"discomfort, dissatisfaction, anxiety, or restlessness.?? When people drink, take drugs, or participate in other reward-seeking behavior (such as gambling, eating, or having sex) they experience a high that gives them the reward or relief they are seeking. A high is the result of increased dopamine and opioid peptide activity in the brains reward circuits.?? But after the high they experience, there is a neurochemical rebound which causes the reward function of the brain to drop below the original normal level. When the activity is repeated, the same level of euphoria or relief is not achieved. Simply put, the person never really gets as high as they did that first time. Is Stress a Factor of Your Addiction? Lower Highs and Lower Lows Added to the fact that the addicted person  develops a tolerance to the highâ€"requiring more to try to achieve the same level of euphoriaâ€"is the fact that the person does not develop a tolerance to the emotional low they feel afterward.?? Rather than return to normal, the person reverts to a deeper state of dysphoria. When becoming addicted, the person increases  the amount of drugs, alcohol, or the frequency of the addictive behaviors in an effort to get back to that initial euphoric state. But the person ends up experiencing a deeper and deeper low as the brains reward circuitry reacts to the cycle of intoxication and withdrawal. When Reward-Seeking Becomes Pathological According to the American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM), this is the point at which the pursuit of rewards becomes pathological:Reward-seeking becomes compulsive or impulsiveThe behavior ceases to be pleasurableThe behavior no longer provides relief No Longer a Function of Choice To put it another way, the addicted person finds himself compelledâ€"despite his own intentions to stopâ€"to repeat behaviors that are no longer rewarding to try to escape an overwhelming feeling of being ill at ease but find no relief. According to ASAM, at this point addiction is no longer solely a function of choice.?? Consequently, the state of addiction is a miserable place to be, for the addict and for those around him. Chronic Disease and Relapses For many addicts, addiction can become a chronic illness, meaning that they can have relapses similar to relapses that can happen with other chronic diseasesâ€"such as diabetes, asthma,  and hypertensionâ€"when patients fail to comply with their treatment.?? These relapses can occur even after long periods of abstinence. The addict can take action to enter remission again. But he remains at risk of another relapse. The ASAM notes Without treatment or engagement in recovery activities, addiction is progressive and can result in disability or premature death.?? Why Addiction Is a Brain Disease and Not Just Bad Choices

Current Full-Time HKUST Student Interview

Accepted.com is continuing a blog series featuring interviews with current MBA students, offering readers a behind-the-scenes look at selected MBA programs. We hope to offer you a candid picture of student life, and what you should consider as you prepare your MBA application. Here’s a talk with a student who traveled half way around the world to attend Hong Kongs top-notch MBA program at HKUST Business School. Thank you Jeremy Haber for sharing your thoughts and experiences with us! Accepted: First, can you tell us a little about yourself – where are you from? What did you study as an undergraduate and when did you graduate? Jeremy Haber: I’m a white southern Jew. Grew up on an emu farm outside Nashville, TN. Studied accounting at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Spent a semester abroad in South Korea, studying international business. I fell in love with Korea, and travelling around Asia. In 2008, I came to a tough decision of studying another semester abroad in Asia or starting work at Boeing. I chose to start work, knowing I’d have a second chance to study abroad in MBA school. Accepted: Why did you decide to attend HKUST? What are some of your favorite things about living in Hong Kong? Least favorite? Jeremy Haber: I am your normal career changer: an accountant who wanted to work in banking. My roommate and I decided to travel to Hong Kong to get a change in perspective. We both loved the city and made a pact we’d try out banking in Asia. The MBA was the next logical step. The 2010 Financial Times globally ranked HKUST as a top 10 university. The school has strong connections with the Hong Kong finance industry and a great finance curriculum. The 16-month MBA program also offers time for a 3-month internship and a semester to study abroad at other top 10 programs. HKUST ended up being the only school I applied to. HKUST is located forty minutes away from downtown Hong Kong, in one of the most beautiful areas of Hong Kong. It’s one of the most peaceful places to study during the week. On the weekend, Lan Quai Fung is the place to be for networking and enjoying a pint with fellow classmates and other Hong Kong MBA students. My favorite thing to do in Hong Kong is hiking, a normal MBA Sunday activity. Actually, 40 percent of Hong Kong is country parks, having over 300km of trails. There are really unique events like Moontrekker, a 40km hike in the dark, which myself and another MBA accomplished this weekend. My least favorite thing about living in Hong Kong is the necessity of learning Chinese. Travelling in Hong Kong is pretty easy knowing English, but it is necessary to learn Mandarin and a little Cantonese if your heart is set on living and working in Hong Kong after school. Although Hong Kong finance internships only require English speaking skills, most applications I fill out for internships prefer strong Mandarin speaking skills. Most students take a few months off before MBA school to study Mandarin in China. If I had the choice again, I probably would have done the same. Accepted: How does the Asian location contribute to your post-MBA goals? Have your career goals changed since youve begun your studies? Jeremy Haber: Definitely, I will stay and work a few years in Asia. HKUST is one of the most recognized schools in the Asia region so it makes sense to work in Asia. Originally, I had my heart set on Hong Kong; however, Singapore is another great option for non-native Mandarin speakers. Singapore, although a little slower paced city compared to Hong Kong, has a lot of great opportunities in finance and management consulting. All my internship applications have been for investment banking in Singapore or Hong Kong; however, I find I like consulting too, so I’ll probably choose one of the two. It’s also very easy to start a business in Hong Kong and Singapore so maybe after building a network I may give entrepreneurship a shot, too. Accepted: Had you visited the campus before deciding to attend? Jeremy Haber: I didn’t visit HKUST before attending the MBA. I did visit Hong Kong the year prior, so I was familiar with the city. Many students do move off campus after first semester, since most of the elective classes are in downtown Hong Kong. I did have a Mandarin teacher in Seattle and he visited the campus and mentioned how beautiful it was, so that was all the convincing I needed. Accepted: Whats your favorite class so far? Jeremy Haber: By far the best class is the Residential Program. It is a two-day leadership and teambuilding class where we were thrown into challenging situations. Only the teams that worked together succeeded. It was definitely tough for some teammates, especially those who were afraid of heights. For the roller coasters and bungee jumping enthusiasts, we really enjoyed the ropes course and crazy obstacles. Accepted: Can you recommend any cozy places to study and get a cup of joe near campus? (And how is the joe in Hong Kong?) Jeremy Haber: The #1 favorite thing I love about Hong Kong is the Afternoon Tea. In the late afternoon, most cafes serve tea sets, which is tea, coffee, and small snacks. There are countless combinations one can choose from. I usually get the hot milk tea with French toast and peanut butter which ends up being around $2.00USD. Other popular snacks are sausages, chicken wings, hot dogs, and French fries and my second favorite drink â€Å"Yuenyeung† 50:50 milk tea and coffee. The coffee in Hong Kong is quite good. The best places to get coffee are downtown where the good shopping is. Most subway stops have Starbucks and McCafes. Another popular chain is Pacific Coffee Company, which is a more artsy environment. Most students go to Hung Hau about 10 min by minibus if they want to get coffee off campus or meet with friends. Accepted: Weve heard that HKUST gives an iPad to each of its students. How have you benefited from this perk? Jeremy Haber: Everyone was excited to hear about the iPads, and they have been great! At the beginning of orientation, the MBA office organized an iPad effectiveness course, where we learned all the tricks to manage documents, mark up cases, collect news feeds, and what the hottest apps are. All the course materials are put on a common Dropbox folder by classmates so we are able to view all our cases and course lectures directly on our iPads. I am so glad to not have to print out Annual Reports. That would have been a nightmare for accounting. You don’t know how many trees the MBA program has saved. Most students go to Hong Kong three times a week, so it’s convenient to just bring the iPad on the 40 min subway ride and read cases on the way to events. Hong Kong has many wireless hotspots that are free to university students, so it’s great to go to any public place and connect to the internet. About half of the students are also learning Mandarin at the same time as taking classes, so using the iPad has really helped in our Mandarin studies. I love CamDictionary app where I can use the camera on the iPad to look up scan Chinese characters and it translates to English so I can order my dim sum. Flipboard is also very useful for Twitter and blog feeds. Accepted: Do you think all MBA students should own iPads (that is, even those who arent lucky enough to get one for free from their program)? Jeremy Haber: MBA students should own iPads. It is a competitive advantage in terms of productivity, accessing, and organizing data. There is so much information being thrown at MBA students. I learn 60% from lectures and homework, and 40% from online social networks with classmates posting videos and articles. As companies begin to feel more comfortable with social media, students will connect more with recruiters through their iPads. In the future, more curriculums will incorporate simulations, or learning through games; it’ll only be time until professors connect with MBA software engineering students to make simulation business apps for iPads, or for professors to make short learning videos. I would much rather view all these materials on the go from my iPad, while enjoying my afternoon tea set, of course. Do you want to win an iPad 2 for school? Create a video explaining how an iPad would improve your life as a student and submit it to our Y iPad? contest. View the contest rules on our Y iPad? contest page on Facebook.

The Inventor of Duct Tape

During the second world war, U.S. troops in the heat of battle had a strangely impractical way of reloading their weapons. Cartridges used for grenade launchers was one example. Boxed, sealed with wax and taped over to protect them moisture, soldiers would need to pull on a tab to peel off the paper tape and break the seal. Sure, it worked... except when it didnt, soldiers were left scrambling to pry the boxes open. The Story of Vesta Stoudt Vesta Stoudt had been working at factory packing and inspecting these cartridges when she got to thinking that there had to be a better way. She also happened to be a mother of two sons serving in the Navy and was particularly perturbed that their lives and countless others were left to such chance. Concerned for the welfare of sons, she discussed with her supervisors an idea she had to fabricate a tape made from strong, water-resistant cloth. And when nothing came of her efforts, she penned a letter to then-President Franklin Roosevelt detailing her proposal (which included a hand-sketched diagram) and closing by making a plea to his conscience: We cant let them down by giving them a box of cartridges that takes a minute or two to open, enabling the enemy to take lives that might be saved had the box been taped with strong tape that can be opened in a split second. Please, Mr. President, do something about this at once; not tomorrow or soon, but now. Oddly enough, Roosevelt passed Stoudts recommendation on to military officials, and in two weeks time, she received notice that her suggestion is being considered and not too long after was informed that her proposal had been approved. The letter also commended her idea was of exceptional merit. Before long, Johnson Johnson, which specialized in medical supplies, was assigned and developed a sturdy cloth tape with a strong adhesive that would come to be known as â€Å"duck tape,† which garnered the company an Army-Navy E Award, an honor given out as a distinction of excellence in the production of war equipment. While Johnson Johnson was officially credited with the invention of duct tape, it’s a concerned mother who will be remembered as the mother of duct tape.  Ã‚   How Duct Tape Works The initial iteration that Johnson Johnson came up with isn’t much different from the version on the market today. Comprised of a piece of mesh cloth, which gives it tensile strength and rigidity to be torn by hand and waterproof polyethylene (plastic), duct tape is made by feeding the materials into a mixture that forms the rubber-based adhesive. Unlike glue, which forms a bond once the substance hardens, duct tape is a pressure-sensitive adhesive that relies on the degree in which pressure is applied. The stronger the pressure, the stronger the bond, particularly with surfaces that are clean, smooth and hard. Who uses duct tape? Duct tape was a huge hit with soldiers due to its strength, versatility and waterproof properties. Used to make all sorts of repairs from boots to furniture, it’s also a popular fixture in the world of motorsports, where crews use strips to patch up dents. Film crews working on-set have a version called gaffer’s tape, which doesn’t leave a sticky residue. Even NASA Astronauts pack a roll when they go on space missions. Besides repairs, other creative uses for duct tape include strengthening cellular reception on the Apple iPhone 4 and as a form of medical treatment for removing warts called duct tape occlusion therapy, which research hasn’t been proven to be effective. Duct tape or duck tape? In this case, either pronunciation would be correct. According to Johnson Johnson’s website, the original green sticky cloth tape got its name during world war II when soldiers started calling it duck tape for the way liquids seem to roll off like water off a duck’s back. Not long after the war, the company launched a metallic-silver version called duct tape after executives discovered it can also be used to seal heating ducts. Interestingly enough, however, scientists at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory conducted field tests on heating ducts and determined that duct tape was insufficient for sealing leaks or cracks.

A Good Man is Hard to Find by Flanney Oconnor Essay

Literally Analysis The story â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find†, by Flannery O’Connor, is about nuclear family in the 50’s who decided to go to East Tennessee for vacation instead of Florida. The grandmother said that the way Tennessee opposes the Misfit, a criminal who escaped from jail, was one of the main reasons for her choice. On the way, the grandmother suggests going to an old mansion she once visited by deceiving the kids to force Bailey to seek out the place but the grandmother made a mistake with the location. Embarrassed, the grandmother jerks her feet and Pitty Sing, the cat, escapes the basket and surprises Bailey, who wrecks the car. Later, the family meets the Misfit and his partners and the Misfit kills them all after the†¦show more content†¦Also, the grandmother seems to care less about poverty and the sufferings of lower class people. For example, when the old women spots a poor Negro child in the street naked without any pants, she says, Wouldnt that mak e a picture now?† (A Good Man†¦). The author connects the grandmother to the real world where a lot of people pay more attention to their outward appearance to impress others than to beautify their inner self first. Also, the family in the story has a car in an era where having a car was perceived as a higher class possession. Although the grandmother shows a prejudice behavior towards the little Negro child with her comments, O’Connor mean to emphasize the class difference that exists in the American society and the negligence and the lack of assistance from higher class to less fortunate class. Additionally, the grandmother shows superiority in her actions and poor judgment towards others. In the story, the grandmother answer Red Sammy Butts question about why he let those guys fuel their tank without paying by saying he does it because he is a â€Å"good man†. Also, when she when she realizes that the Misfit is a threat to her life, she repeatedly tells him that he is a â€Å"good man†. This way O’Connor highlights the moral codes that the grandmother built on the characteristics she believes that make people â€Å"good†. Although, it seems that the grandmother sees the goodness in people and has an open-hearted

On Equianos Travels and the Enlightenment Essay - 776 Words

On Equianos Travels and the Enlightenment During the eighteenth century, an age of enlightenment fell upon the people of Europe. Across the continent, knowledge and discovery spread like wildfire. During this era, an overwhelming majority of middle-class citizens became literate, partaking in various forms of high culture previously reserved exclusively to the aristocracy. At the same time, while the age of Enlightenment produced prominent theorists, thinkers, and intellectual works, it also made the common man more aware of intellectuality. With access to literature rich in revolutionary thought, the middle-class assumed an understanding of natural law that encompassed freedom, social equality, and the value of mankind. However, while†¦show more content†¦Equianos Travels reveals a European mind state far removed from philosophe theory. From the outset of his narrative, Equianos description of his short-lived childhood is filled with cultural detail giving insight into the life of his people. His words also convey his naivety, as Equiano claims to have at one time never even heard of Europeans. When he recounts the day he and his sister were kidnapped from their own yard by greedy countrymen, the reader gets a sense of the inhumanity that exists even in the earliest stages of slavery. Being torn from his sister is a similarly gut-wrenching detail that plagues the reader with a sense of guilt that refuses to leave even after the excerpt has ended. The narration between that takes the reader from the shore of Equianos homeland to the interior of the putrid-smelling slave ship and across a seemingly endless ocean drives the point of slaverys evils home. The conditions of such enslavement stand in direct violation of the philosophes theory of human freedom. While their beliefs deny authority, Equianos account tells the story of a place where these laws are permanently suspended, and man is made beast before his master. At the end of the excerpt from Equianos Travels, the then-freed Negro and outs poken abolitionist summarizes his conclusions from what he has gained as a subject to both the experience of slavery and the Enlightenment in Europe. Equiano does this through a series of questionsShow MoreRelatedThe Age Of Enlightenment : The Interesting Life Of Olaudah Equiano1456 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the 18th century, many things were happening and the Europeans also were known as â€Å"Enlightenment thinkers and philosophers† thought by creating a movement called Age of Enlightenment, it would inflict rational change upon humanity. The Age of Enlightenment is described to be â€Å"set out by means of reason and direct observation to discover the fundamental laws governing nature, humanity, and society. The philosophes believed that such discoveries would free the world from tyranny, violence, andRead MoreMary Rowlandson And Olaudah Equiano Essay1140 Words   |  5 PagesNarratives about captivity have often intrigued readers in Western culture. Mary Rowlandson a nd Olaudah Equiano’s stories helped pave the way for stereotypes within both European and white culture; teaching Europeans to see Native Americans as cruel and allowing whites to see the evil in the American slave market. In both â€Å"A Narrative of the Captivity† and â€Å"The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano,† Mary Rowlandson and Olaudah Equiano share their individual stories of being kidnappedRead MoreThe Complex Nature Of Equiano s Identity Crisis1411 Words   |  6 PagesDaniel Miret HUM3306 29 September 2014 Option Three The complex nature of Equiano’s identity crisis Equiano presents himself as an African, who is embattled with a myriad of issues enroute to a foreign land. He starts off as a normal African boy that takes pride in the family unit. His life changes as he is exposed to a life of slavery that makes him wonder just how far he would go to regain his freedom. Equaino is celebrated due to his anti-slave trade achievements, but rather criticized for a

Students, Citizens, And All People Alike - 1818 Words

In various researches there has been conducted studies with reference to students, citizens, and all people alike in order to draw attention to what determines a recreation of an action that has been observed. Why the individual has replicated the act. How it has effect on their mental state. What possibilities have could have driven them to do the action. This research will provide details on how the surroundings will and can affect people who are still developing and how it could affect their future life styles and views in a more violent manner. Observation happens everyday in an individual’s life. People use what senses they have to them in order to perceive multiple occasions and events. Some people may try and attempt to recreate†¦show more content†¦Bandura’s plan was to get adolescents to observe a non-aggressive role model to play with the bobo doll and then show another portion of adolescents to a more aggressive role model on the occasion the adult w ould play with the bobo doll in a rougher manner. Then leave the child off in the room alone to observe what the adolescent would do himself or herself after being exposed to the adult’s time with them. Before the experiment headed under way Bandura had written his various thoughts on what could possibly influence the outcome. He predicted that adolescents exposed to the more aggressive adults would be likely to reenact and replicate the aggressive actions they observed on the bobo doll. Where as the children who observed the non aggressive adults would be less likely to participate in harming the bobo doll afterwards. He believed that children that share the same gender with the adult would be more likely to be influenced by the adult and replicate their action aggressive or non-aggressive. Bandura had observed adolescents around the age of four from a nursing school, thirty-six boys and thirty-six girls. The total were split into three groups of twenty-four. One group expos ed to a non-aggressive role model, another group exposed to the aggressive role model, and one other group not exposed to any role model. As a final note bandura made sure that every adolescent had an average amount of aggression they could work with. The

Pandukabhaya (437 Bc †367 Bc) Free Essays

Pandukabhaya (437 BC – 367 BC) was King of Upatissa Nuwara and the first monarch of the Anuradhapura Kingdom and 6th over all of the island of Sri Lanka since the arrival of the Vijaya, he reigned from 437 BC to 367 BC. According to many historians and philosophers, he is the first truly Sri Lankan king since the Vijayan invasion, and also the king who ended the conflict between the Sinha clan and local community, reorganizing the populace. His story is one wrapped in myth and legend. We will write a custom essay sample on Pandukabhaya (437 Bc – 367 Bc) or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are three prevailing opinions on his origin. In the Mahavansa, his mother is Umaddha Citta and father is Digha Gamini, both of Aryan origin Kumarathunga Munidasa’s opinion is that his father is Chittharaja. He has no affiliation to the Aryan dynasty. He is a local hero. [edit]The second ruler The second ruler of Sri Lanka was King Panduvasudeva, the nephew of Vijaya. Panduvasudeva married Baddha-Kacchayana, an extremely beautiful princess from India. The couple had ten sons, the eldest of whom was named Abhaya, and one daughter named Chitra. When a sage prophesied that Chitra would bear a son who would kill nine of his uncles and claim the throne, nine of Chitra’s brothers told King Panduvasudeva to have her killed. However, Abhaya would not allow it and Chitra was spared. She married a prince named Digha-Gamini (who, incidentally, was her cousin) and had a son, who was named Pandukabhaya. [edit]The exchange of babies Chitra and Digha-Gamini had been made aware of the prophesy at the time of their marriage and had promised to put to death any son that Chitra gave birth to. However, once Pandukabhaya was born, Chitra was unwilling to kill the infant, and so she decided to exchange babies with another woman who had given birth to a baby girl that same day. Chitra announced to her father and husband that she had given birth to a girl. Only her mother, Baddha-Kacchayana, knew of the secret exchange. The woman who gave up her daughter took Prince Pandukabhaya to a nearby village called Dvaramandalaka where he would be brought up as a herdsman’s son. [edit]The attempts on Pandukabhaya’s life The first threat to Pandukabhaya’s life came while he was being transported to Dvaramandalaka. The woman who had exchanged infants with Chitra carried Prince Pandukabhaya to the village in a covered basket. Unfortunately, she ran into nine of Chitra’s brothers (the ones who had wanted their sister to be murdered for fear that her child would kill them). They asked her what she had in the basket and she replied that it contained food. Not satisfied with the answer, they asked her to open up the basket and show them its contents. Luckily, two wild boars happened to run past them, and they forgot about the basket in their eagerness to hunt the animals down. The baby was delivered to the herdsman safely. That same year, King Panduvasudeva died and Abhaya became his successor. He was not a great king, but he was certainly a kind one and he was well-loved, especially by the poor. Several years went by and when Pandukabhaya was about seven years old, rumours reached his nine uncles about a boy in Dvaramandalaka who supposedly was a herdsman’s son, but who showed all signs of being of royal background. They suspected that this child may be their sister’s son, because they had reason to believe that the little girl who was being brought up as a princess in the palace was not Chitra’s daughter. They sent out people to kill all boys in the village who were around the same age as their nephew. It was known that all the boys of Dvaramandalaka bathed at a certain pond, and it was planned that they should be killed while they were bathing. The plan was executed and several young children were murdered. Pandukabhaya, however, had been hiding at the time, and so he escaped death. While Pandukabhaya’s uncles were satisfied at the time that they had eliminated their nephew, some years later they became suspicious again when they heard stories of a village boy who looked more like a prince than a herdsman’s son. They attempted to have him killed again, and the attempt failed once more. When Pandukabhaya was about sixteen years old, Princess Chitra, fearing for her son’s safety, arranged to have him live with a Brahman named Pandula. Once he was old enough to become king, Pandukabhaya left Pandula, married his cousin Pali and fought his uncles to claim his right to the throne. Eight of his ten uncles perished in the war, which lasted for seventeen years. Abhaya, who had never fought against Pandukabhaya, and Girikandasiva, who was Pali’s father, were not killed. Pandukabhaya was a good king and reigned over Sri Lanka for seventy years, leaving the country in a prosperous state when he die How to cite Pandukabhaya (437 Bc – 367 Bc), Papers

Innovation and Entrepreneurship Cloud Bar

Question: Discuss about theInnovation and Entrepreneurshipfor Cloud Bar. Answer: Research and Development Plan of Cloud Bar The technology advancement is use of the GIS software to establish new areas and locations as well as the GPS. This software is capable for advancing which locates the places in Brisbane city with potential customers by use of mobile data and networking. The programming of the software can be done by computer scientists or the software developers. The mobile app can be upgrades by installing new operating systems that has an integration module for the new software that will increase the customer base. Kirchhoff said entrepreneurship and dynamic capitalism is related to the economics of firm formation and growth. (Kirchhoff, 2015, p.722). The plan is to enhance that the industry is moved with a greater magnitude in Brisbane city to pave way to the future and ascertain the going concern and digital incorporation so that no one is a few drinks left behind. The one and only first chief executive officer started by laying a strong foundation of the company where he first started by sipping the spirits in Indias first place of selling products especially in boutiques. Hart said Entrepreneurship policy has been discussed as what is it and where it came from, In D. M. Hart (Ed.) the emergence of entrepreneurship policy (Hart, 2012, p.355). There is incorporation of the stripes and the bruises to the entire table from the initial concurrent entrepreneurial step by step journey. The technological advancement is witnessed by the vision that is laid down of improving the application by ensuring that other software are made to be used and thus enhancing there is partying all over the world and thus revolutionizing the way drinks are bought and also the purchase supply chain. The use of cloud computing is the technology put into use in establishing the next available network. The geographical physical systems are used in the application to identify the direction of the restaurant or the club that is open to the customers. The client is in a position to browse the drinks and the reserve the pay for them on the personal mobile phones through the mobile phone wallet. Hoffman said Innovation monitor as compared to Denmark's innovation capacity from benchmarking to policy priorities according to Copenhagen the fora, division for research and analysis. (Hoffman, 2013, p.156). This is important and thus provides the technology with a competitive edge of redeeming their reservation with the Cloud bar app. The method of payment is done on the electronic funds transfer and the e wallet at the eBay where the customer is able to sign up for the recommended transaction and the volumes are delivered since the initiation of the announcement. The latest technological advancement that Cloud bar has introduced is the digital payment where a buyer is in a position to make the ease transaction without the bulkiness of the cash for the people residing in Brisbane city. The government has empowered the idea by ensuring that the demonetizing of the high value currencies is enhanced as well as the incorporation of the mobile companies who have already seen huge improvements. The risk recognition and the reduction Conclusion New technology keeps on replacing the current application with better modified ones that are more efficient that can work even better with these criteria. Competitors in the industry pose a threat to the going concern of the Cloud bar because it cab face difficulties in matching the demands of the market. The government laws keep on varying from time to time in the country of operation and this endangers the wellbeing of the company. The business faces the risk of hackers from the website where personal information can be accessed with ease by other third parties. The confidentiality of the business in terms of the prices is altered by the interferences. The government regulation and imposition of taxes is another aspect that poses a threat and thus acts as risk to the business. The reduction of these risks can be emphasized by stipulating a security is address and a fire wall which should be accompanied by a firewall in order to protect the intranet from other bloggers accessing the cloud information. The Political Aspect The application is given the necessary recognition in the places where the politics are prevailing such as advocating for purchase by use of Cloud bar. The politicians can demonstrate this by first using the application to show their commitment and the citizens will follow suit. Social There is sustainability of the application in the manner that the people and the individuals willing to purchase the drinks find it quite awesome and good according to the manners and the practices. There is restriction of the individuals who are underage from accessing the drinks around the city of Brisbane. This will be achieved by imposing a web authentication process where the person willing to buy is first asked whether he or she is of the age of the majority. The majority age should the only people that are allowed to access the drinks to prevent the moral decadence in the community. Technological The application should be sustained in such a way that the update is made available in each and every log in for the purpose of accountability and transparency. Golden said the national innovation systems and entrepreneurship and Centre for Innovation Structural Change (Golden, 2010. P.123). There is business which has initial additional information that will entail software development to incorporate the new techniques and the current trends. Risks Recognition Risks are viewed as it could be more of the legitimate use of the application where an individual can register an account and can get access to Alcohol. Stipulation of proper check on to who is using the application and at the initial term it would be better to have an identification check so as to keep the crowd of 18 and above. Risks Inherent Adequate maintenance and security of the cloud, as if it's not maintained there will be a huge mess and people will lose their trust and also the accountability the software provides. Checking of the beverage at the desired location has to be maintained as if there are many users who have issued a desired drink, and then it's the responsibility to be served at the time desired. The aspect of Over Stocking is also an issue, a limit to one customers stock has to be given so as a proper sale is maintained and a constant check imposed. A bar cannot be over used by customer hence he cannot use the bar wallet for more than a decided duration, so as there can be feasibility of any extra stock that a person has to be removed if not used or can be transferred as a gift to another person. Incorporation of more locations (Bars, Clubs, Stores) is necessary, so as to relinquish the needs of the customers. Customer data base to remain intact and confidential as to maintain the privacy and also to lure away other competing companies. Hollanders said European Innovation Scoreboard 2005, innovation and economic performance the Brussels: Enterprise Directorate-General, the Innovation/SMEs (Hollanders, 2014, p.234). Need to make sure that the prices offered by us is better than the market price so as to have a number of people register and use this app. Already established we need to aim at the perks of giving the best customer service if and when needed .Cloud bar is trying all ways possible to make things simpler for the customers and in-turn for the company as well. Works Cited Golden, W., Higgins, E., Lee, S. (2010). The national innovation systems and entrepreneurship and center for innovation structural change. Galway, Ireland: National University of Ireland press. Retrieved September 23, 2010 from www.nuigalway.ie/cisc Hart, D. (2003). Entrepreneurship policy in relation to what is it and where it came from. Journal of the emergence of entrepreneurship policy, Vol. 23, pp. 319. Hoffman, A. (2013). The innovation and monitor in Denmarks innovation capacity from benchmarking to policy priorities, Copenhagen: division for research and analysis, ministry of business and economic affairs. Denmark, Howard presses. Hollanders, H., Arundel, A. (2014). The European innovation scoreboard in innovation and economic performance. Brussels: Enterprise Directorate-General, the Innovation/SMEs Program: England, European press. Kirchhoff, B. (2015). Entrepreneurship and dynamic capitalism: The economics of firm formation and Growth. Westport, CT: Praeger press.

The New Coke Saga A Case of Innovative Decision Making Gone Wrong

Abstract Decision making is a fundamental part in any management practice. Management policies and procedure are what essentially keeps a company going despite all prevailing circumstances. At the core of any action that is taken, is a decision making process which validates the worth of that action towards achieving the company’s goals.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The New Coke Saga: A Case of Innovative Decision Making Gone Wrong specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are several methods that have been put forward to guide decision makers in any organization towards choosing options that will give optimal results. When it comes to marketing strategy decisions however, a larger role is played by market research data. The insights that emerge from such data are critical in answering some of the questions that guide the strategy building process. We shall hence evaluate the effects of poor decision makin g in the corporate world by looking into the New Coke saga of 1985. An overview of the assumptions underlying the product’s launch will demonstrate to us why most marketers consider it the biggest marketing mistake in corporate history. We shall then explain the flaws in these assumptions and how they could have been avoided. Introduction In the course of heated product rivalries with their main competitors Pepsi, Coca cola’s had dropped its market share from an enormous 60 percent to only 24 percent by 1983 (Davila, Epstein Shelton, 2007). Given the resounding message that Coke was losing out on product quality, the firm chose to change its age old product formula. The Research Just like any normal product launch process, a thorough market research study was undertaken beforehand. The research was based on taste tests and focus group discussions. It conducted 200,000 taste tests in total to gauge a true picture of people’s reaction to the product (Bhasin, 2010 ). The surveys pitted the new coke flavour well above both classic Coca Cola and Pepsi Cola. The 10 percent portion of negative feedback received was hence easily ignored following top managerial pressure to adopt the new formula and save the brand’s dwindling market share. What followed was the decision to take the former version of the drink off the market. Market Reaction Initially, the market had reacted quite positively to the introduction of the new Coke. The product had raised sales for Coke by eight percent up from the previous year . Nevertheless, it wasn’t long before devoted consumers of the classic Coca Cola started to strike back by influencing boycotts and protest on the new Coke. 10 weeks after its removal classic Coke version was returned (Clifford, 2009).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Poor assumptions made Failure to investigate marketâ€℠¢s reaction to Classic Coke’s withdrawal It was quickly that the newer product would ultimately prove more superior to the former regardless of the period that either product had been in the market. The value of brief taste tests was not sufficient to validate an immediate shift of preference towards the new product. The company had made a crucial mistake in disregarding the contradictory views presented in focus groups towards the older drink. The rational responses gathered from these discussions unveiled a huge difference between the consumers’ natural behaviour and their stated preferences (Davis, 1993) The prevailing attitude towards Classic formula Again, we find that the product was launched at a time when a new mind set against high carbohydrate products was getting introduced. Coca Cola had interpreted the success of Diet Coke as a threat against their core commodity, Coke. They hence assumed that the negative change in market share could be attributed to a ne gative attitude towards their classic formula. The reality though was that this image has only been forged by Pepsi’s challenge campaign. (Capparell, 2007) My Recommendations More in-depth data concerning the new brand was needed. Blind taste tests were not enough. I would have chosen to test people’s reaction to the idea of having the old product out of the market. I would also have given a survey based query to establish the attitude of the general market towards other market variables such as pricing, distribution, packaging To test the validity of the assumption that the new coke was a better product, these dimensions needed to be held into account. A weighted mean index based on this set of aspects for each tested drink would have revealed more information regarding people’s opinion about the drink. References Bhasin, H. (2010). Coca Cola Brand Failure. Retrieved from https://www.marketing91.com/coca-cola-brand-failure/ Capparell (2007). The Real Pepsi Chal lenge: he Inspirational Story of Breaking the Color Barier in American Business. New York: Free Press.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The New Coke Saga: A Case of Innovative Decision Making Gone Wrong specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Clifford, S. (2009, January 30). Coca-Cola Deleting ‘Classic’ From Coke Label. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/31/business/media/31coke.html Davila, T., Epstein, M. J. Shelton, R. (2007). The Creative Enterprise: Execution. Westport: Praeger Publishers. Davis, M. B. A. (1993). God, What a Blunder: The New Coke Story. Retrieved from http://web.archive.org/web/20060515214006/http://members.lycos.co.uk/thomassheils/newcoke.htm This essay on The New Coke Saga: A Case of Innovative Decision Making Gone Wrong was written and submitted by user Saige Campbell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

effect of nutrient on bean essays

effect of nutrient on bean essays Effects of excessive macronutrients on growth and development of ( Phaseolus Vulgaris ) I predict that excessive Nitrogen(N) added to soil will result in the burning of the leaves and moderate color loss in the bean plant. Excessive Phosphorus(P) added to soil will result in death of the bean plant within a month. Excessive Potassium(K) added to the soil will result in yellowing of leaves and slowly lead to death of the bean plant. Excessive Iron(Fe) added to soil will result in death of bean plant within weeks. Introduction A experiment was conducted at CSULA greenhouse. To investigate the influence of 16 times the recommended macronutrient amount added to the bean plants in a one month period. The macronutrient Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium are the most common components of plant fertilizers. These macronutrients are the chemical building blocks of plant structure. The addition of macronutrients will generally enhance plant growth. But excess amount will also cause plasmolysis of root cells and damage to or death of the plant (Gomez Material Pot experiments were carried out during January to March 2004 to investigate the effect of different levels of macronutrients on growth and development of kidney bean plant (Phaseolus vulgaris) at CSULA greenhouse. Each pot was filled with 1000g of mix soil (pH6.5). The seeds were bought in1997 from Burpee Company. The seeds were planted on Dec. 12, 2003 in a mixture of one part peatmoss, redwood compost (by Orchard Supply Hardware) a...

Definition and Examples of Symploce in Rhetoric

Definition and Examples of Symploce in Rhetoric Symploce is a  rhetorical term for the repetition of words or phrases at both the beginning and end of successive clauses or verses: a combination of anaphora and epiphora (or epistrophe).  Also known as complexio. Symploce is  useful for highlighting the contrast between correct and incorrect claims, says Ward Farnsworth. The speaker changes the word choice in the smallest way that will suffice to separate the two possibilities; the result is a conspicuous contrast between the small tweak in wording and the large change in substance (Farnsworths Classical English Rhetoric, 2011). EtymologyFrom the Greek, interweaving Examples and Observations The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the window-panes,The yellow smoke that rubs its muzzle on the window-panes . . ..(T.S. Eliot, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. Prufrock and Other Observations, 1917)The madman is not the man who has lost his reason. The madman is the man who has lost everything except his reason.(G.K. Chesterton, Orthodoxy, 1908)In the years after World War I my mother had put pennies for Grace [Cathedral] in her mite box but Grace would never be finished. In the years after World War II I would put pennies for Grace in my mite box but Grace would never be finished.(Joan Didion, California Republic. The White Album. Simon Schuster, 1979)For want of a nail the shoe was lost.For want of a shoe the horse was lost.For want of a horse the rider was lost.For want of a rider the battle was lost.For want of a battle the kingdom was lost.And all for the want of a horseshoe nail.(attributed to Benjamin Franklin and others) Effects of Symploce Symploce can add a sense of measured balance to the rhetorical effects achieved through either anaphora or epiphora. Paul demonstrates this in Are they Hebrews? So am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. Are they of the seed of Abraham? So am I. Symploce can also string together clauses to create either a catalogue or gradatio.(Arthur Quinn and Lyon Rathbun, Symploce. Encyclopedia of Rhetoric and Composition: Communication From Ancient Times to the Information Age, ed. by Theresa Enos. Taylor Francis, 1996) Symploce in Shakespeare Most strange, but yet most truly, will I speak:That Angelos forsworn; is it not strange?That Angelos a murderer; ist not strange?That Angelo is an adulterous thief,An hypocrite, a virgin-violator;Is it not strange and strange?(Isabella in William Shakespeares Measure for Measure, Act 5, scene 1)Who is here so base that would be a bondman? If any, speak; for him I have offended. Who is here so rude that would not be a Roman? If any speak; for him have I offended. Who is here so vile that will not love his country? If any, speak; for him have I offended.(Brutus in William Shakespeares Julius Caesar, Act 3, scene 2) Bartholomew Griffin's Perfect Symploce Most true that I must fair Fidessa love.Most true that I fair Fidessa cannot love.Most true that I do feel the pains of love.Most true that I am captive unto love.Most true that I deluded am with love.Most true that I do find the sleights of love.Most true that nothing can procure her love.Most true that I must perish in my love.Most true that She contemns the God of love.Most true that he is snarà ¨d with her love.Most true that She would have me cease to love.Most true that She herself alone is Love.Most true that though She hated, I would love!Most true that dearest life shall end with love.(Bartholomew Griffin, Sonnet LXII, Fidessa, More Chaste Than Kinde, 1596) The Lighter Side of Symploce Alfred Doolittle: Ill tell you, Governor, if youll only let me get a word in. Im willing to tell you. Im wanting to tell you. Im waiting to tell you.Henry Higgins: Pickering, this chap has a certain natural gift of rhetoric. Observe the rhythm of his native woodnotes wild. Im willing to tell you. Im wanting to tell you. Im waiting to tell you. Sentimental rhetoric! Thats the Welsh strain in him. It also accounts for his mendacity and dishonesty.(George Bernard Shaw, Pygmalion, 1912) Pronunciation: SIM-plo-see or SIM-plo-kee Alternate Spellings: simploce

Conflict and Political Order Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Conflict and Political Order - Essay Example Both of these theories have foundations of democracy. Conflict is found at the centre stage of politics because of the struggle for power between individuals. Up to the modern concept of political order, conflict remains contentious when it comes to politics. These concepts have drawn from the ancient view of politics advanced by individuals such as Plato, Socrates, Aristotle, and Aquinas among others. Some of their concepts and propositions have been dispelled while others have influenced the philosophy of politics for centuries. Conflict among human beings is as old as history itself. War is found to have begun very long time ago because of the desire to control resources. Conflict has been founded on religious differences, ethnic differences, differing political ideologies, and social motivations. Politics is a broad subject that has influence over all humans directly or indirectly. According to Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, political science has massive influence over all other things, he mentions about its authority and the control it has over humans under his theory of natural slavery. His assertions that humans are naturally political present a situation that depicts them as differing in opinions and thoughts. His view was that humans are unique, with each playing a specific role just like the way organs functions in a body. The aggregation of communities together is a natural affair because it achieves self-sufficiency among the individuals. The political nature of persons induces them to engage in conflicts between one another. The conflicts may not be based on any personal view but the political affiliations. According to the arguments presented by Aristotle in the Book V the affiliations that appears between individuals creates factions based on common interes ts. In the first place, the mindset of an individual prompts them to affiliate to a certain group and will tend to have disparity in opinion and behaviour with the other factions. Secondly, factions are developed depending on the benefits that are derived from them, it is also possible that some things are lost in joining the groupings thereby some resentment to the differing groupings is experienced. Finally, political disputes are potential sources of factions where there are ideological differences between groups. The traditional approach of conflict seems to have been avoided since its focus was mainly on functionalism. The approach gives weight to the fact that each individual in an organization or community is designated from a specific role in the community. This is contrary to the modern conflict theory where the opinion shapers are the elite in the society. However, to the modern theorists there is consensus with Aristotle’s point of view that all humans are wired to be political. The modern view presents a situation where social classes arise hence creating a huge disparity and dispelling the functionality notion that humans have a specific role that each is supposed to play. Conflict is very much associated with rise to power. According to Machiavelli use of force is one the strategies that power can be obtained, these results in conflict that results to loss of lives and betrayal. These individuals kill the people they want to lead and the existing leaders in order to find their way to power. A situation that does not involve much conflict happens when power is obtained through the favour of the people. In such a situation the conflict arises between the common people and the nobles, however, the funny thing is that the nobles have much influence over the common people such that they are capable of manipulating them to have one of them

Motivational Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Motivational Behavior - Essay Example A weak positive correlation was found to be significant (P=0.05, observed rho value=0.44, critical rho value=0.36, null hypothesis denied). The outcome of the study showed that people seek a partner that has a similar level of physical attractiveness as themselves. Interpersonal attraction is a fundamental component of human relationships. Psychologists and researchers have proposed many different theories in order to explain the role of physical attractiveness in intimate relationships. One view is the genetic similarity theory proposed by Rushton, Russell and Wells (1984). They posited that a person is more attracted to strangers that resemble themselves than those who are dissimilar in appearance. This would lead to offspring with not only the individual's genes but also genes like themselves (Rushton, Russell & Wells, 1984). Their research suggested that individuals are more attracted to genetically similar people. The matching hypothesis also proposed that people don't seek the most attractive mate, but instead are attracted to individuals that match themselves in terms of physical attractiveness. This compromise is necessary due to a fear of rejection from a more desirable partner and in order to achieve a balance between partners. Walster et al. (1966) tested this hypothesis with the "computer dance experiment". They proposed that when making dating and mating choices, people will choose someone of their own level of social desirability. Individuals will be influenced by both the desirability of the potential partner and the belief of the likelihood of obtaining a date with the partner (Walster et al., 1966). In the experiment, 752 students were randomly allocated partners to a dance. The participants were given an attractiveness rating based on a panel of judges. They were informed that a computer had determined their ideal partner. The experimenters found that whether a person liked their partner was closely related to physical attractiveness. This was the most important factor in liking, above qualities such as intelligence and personality (Walster et al., 1966). Though these findings did not support the matching hypothesis, Walster et al. (1969) conducted a follow up study to further test this hypothesis. The researchers repeated the dance and this time, the students were able to choose their partners. The matching hypothesis was confirmed as the students chose partners roughly the same attractiveness as themselves. The researchers explained that the participants attempted to avoid rejection and increase the possibility of finding a partner with a long-term commitment (Walster et al., 1969). Silverman (1971) conducted another experiment to test the Matching Hypothesis. He carried out an observational study on real-life couples in public settings. Observers independently rated the couples on a 5-point scale and discovered a high correlation between attractiveness ratings of both members of each couple (Silverman, 1971). In addition to this, the researcher found that there was a high correlation between similar levels of attractiveness and the happier the couple's rating in degrees of physical intimacy (Silverman, 1971). Another experiment by Murstein (1972) tested stimulus-value-role theory of marital choice. The researcher

The effectiveness of employee performance appraisal

The effectiveness of employee performance appraisal Performance Appraisal and Reward system is viewed as the systemic model that correlates supervisory feedback with the employee behaviour, attitude and motivation (Gomez-Mejia, 2007: p. 21-24). Historically, the Performance Appraisal and Reward system has been viewed as the feedback and critics framework to help the employees in enhancing their productivity and performance by virtue of constructive feedbacks, reviewing and rewarding past performance, setting the future goals, employee motivation, training and growth planning and problem solving/grievance handling (Hall et al. 1989: p. 54-67). However, the Performance Appraisal and Reward system in the modern world has been viewed as the tool for evaluation of productivity and efficiency of employees to determine their standing against the salary increments, bonus, promotions and layoff policies (Andres et al., 2010: p. 1599-1607). This has resulted in very narrow viewpoints about the system by employees (Reinke, 2003: p. 23-27) whereb y some take it negatively as well (Daley, 2007: p. 290-293). But Cook and Crossman (2004: p. 526-541) explained that the satisfaction with the Performance Appraisal and Reward system is better in employees that play the role of both appraiser and appraisee. They further explained that best results are obtained when 360 degree feedback system (appraising the managers) system is practiced by the organisation. This is the problem that the author proposes to address in this research. In the modern era when employees exhibit pessimism about the Performance Appraisal and Reward system (Daley, 2007: p. 290-293) because they consider it as the mere tool for deciding increments, bonuses, promotions and continuity in the company (Andres et al., 2010: p. 1599-1607), what makes it so vibrant in companies like KFC resulting in high employee motivation and reduced attrition (Huck, 2010: p. 1-3)? The proposed topic is: The effectiveness of Employee Performance Appraisal System (EPAC): A case study on KFC. 1.2 Background of the Organisation Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) is the highest revenue earning chain restaurant of Yum! Restaurants which is ranked at number 239 on the Fortune 500 list that exceeded global revenues of 11 Billion US Dollars in year 2008. KFC is regarded as the fastest growing brand in chain restaurant segment in the world that operates like a Quick Service Restaurant (QSR) producing good Chicken dishes under the name finger lickin good. (Huck, 2010: p. 1-3) The company was founded as Kentucky Fried Chicken by Colonel Harland Sanders in 1952, though the idea of KFCs fried chicken actually goes back to 1930 (Shuker, 2008: p. 8-11). In UK alone, KFC employs more than 22000 people in more than 780 stores across the nation (Huck, 2010: p. 1-3). KFC was regarded as the second best employer on the Britains Top Employers 2010 list. It achieved 3.5/5 stars in Pay and Benefits, 4.5/5 stars in Training and Development and 5/5 stars each in Career Development, Working Conditions and Company Culture in the five attributes rated by CRF Institute in the Britains Top Employers 2010 survey. (Huck, 2010: p. 1-3) KFC has an excellent employee performance measurement system, promoted by parent company Yum! Restaurants. The Champ Card peer rewarding system has been elementary in achieving high motivation and reducing employee turnover. (Corporate Executive Board, 2006: p. 4) 1.3 Purpose of Research Employee Performance Appraisal System (EPAS) is the mechanism of longitudinal (over a period of time) performance management of employees (Smither, 2001: p. 1-7). If designed appropriately, it can result in effective bonding between supervisors and subordinates by virtue of open discussions, appraising strengths and weaknesses of subordinates and the work systems in which they operate, identification of trainings requirements, awareness of future goals, confidence boosting, rewards and recognitions, motivation, etc (Smither, 2001: p. 1-7). The end result can be boost in organisational productivity (Gomez-Mejia, 2007: p. 21-24) and even enhancement of the revenues and profits (Boice and Kleiner, 1997: p. 197-201). But the Performance Appraisal system needs to be designed very effectively and efficiently to ensure that the desired outcomes supporting boost in productivity and hence the revenues and profits can be tangibly achieved (Boice and Kleiner, 1997: p. 197-201). Gabris and Ihrke (2000: 41-44) argued that ineffective measurement systems are going to be questioned by the employees and hence may be unacceptable to them. If ineffective measurement systems are followed, the EPAS will not be perceived to be useful and hence the relationship of participants in review meetings will determine the results and not the actual performance of the employees (Bradley and Ashkanasy, 2001: p. 83-85). In this research, the author wants to learn about how exemplary performance appraisal systems, like the one practiced by KFC, are designed and how are they accurately linked with employee motivation, productivity, and the overall organisational performance. The rewards and recognition system studied by Corporate Executive Board (2006: p. 4) emphasised on the peer relationships, spot reward system for quick wins and celebrating individual and group successes in vibrant ways (like clapping for colleagues, announcing quick wins, giving away Champ Cards, etc.). These attributes are highly advocated by Gabris and Ihrke (2000: 41-44). 1.4 Research Questions Following are the proposed Research Questions for the study: What are the areas of employee performance evaluated by KFC in their EPAS? What are the criteria and performance measures applied in KFCs EPAS? How effective is KFCs EPAS in measuring employees performance? How KFCs EPAS affects motivation and future growth of the employees? What are the scope of improvements in KFCs EPAS? 1.5 Research Objectives Following are the proposed Research Objectives of this study: To study the features of KFCs EPAS and learn the underlying causal factors that contributed to its phenomenal success across the world. To map the learning points from KFCs EPAS with empirical evidences in academic literatures and understand how the academic world have been advocating about such causal factors. Identify new learning points that has not yet been identified by the academic world and discuss about them. Present the value additions from KFC case study to already existing theoretical background in the academic literatures. Present a critical analysis of how KFC can further improve their EPAS by identifying the traits advocated by academic literatures but not prevalent in KFC EPAS. 2.0 Literature Review 2.1 Introduction Gomez-Mejia (2007: p. 21-24) explained that supervisors feedback through performance appraisal systems can result in two types of responses of the employees Cognitive response and Behavioural response. He analysed that dysfunctional feedbacks (ambiguous, one way, inconsistent, judgemental, misdirected, coinciding with salary increments, etc.) can cause uncooperative cognitive response and reduced employee performance and functional feedbacks (job related, two way, explicit, consistent, clear, not linked with salary increments, etc.) can result in goal oriented cognitive response and improved employee performance Gomez-Mejia (2007: p. 22). Hence, the most effective systems of appraising performance are: functional, relevant, uniform and consistent. Pragmatism is important because it helps to ensure that the system will be easily understood by employees and effectively put into action by managers (Gomez-Mejia (2007: p. 22-24). Drawing upon arguments by Briscoe Schuler (2004: p. 5-57) performance can be viewed as a combination of several factors, such as motivation, ability, working conditions and expectations. It has been established that there are certain factors that affect employees performance more than others. These factors, according to Dowling et al (1999: p. 4-29), include the compensation package, the nature of task, support from higher management, the working environment and the overall corporate culture. In this chapter, the author has presented an organised literature review to analyse how the case study of KFC can be supported by the theoretical foundation already established by empirical theories. In essence, the research instrument can only be designed with the help of such theoretical foundation as explained by Saunders et al. (2007: p. 44-50). 2.2 Elements of Employee Performance Evaluation Traditionally, performance appraisal of employees has been viewed as the psychological test bed for employees that comprises of critics ratings, decision making on rewards and recognitions, deciding amount of salary increments, deciding future expectations, deciding continuity in the company, deciding promotions, measuring the alignment with departmental and organisational goals, etc (Elmuti et al., 1992: p. 42-48). The modern performance appraisal system is linked with quality improvement philosophies of the organisation that was originally conceptualised by Deming (Elmuti et al., 1992: p. 44-45). However, Levy and Williams (2004: p. 881-889) argued that the modern performance appraisal theories have travelled a long way to transition from mere enforcement tool of organisational objectives and quality targets to the system that influences the overall corporate culture and social system. This shall be very much evident in the case study of KFC where the EPAS is viewed to be contribut ing positively to the congenial and highly vibrant work environment in the organisation (Huck, 2010: p. 1-3). 2.3 Link between EPAS, Performance Measures and Staff Motivation EPAS can directly contribute to staff motivation if it is perceived to be fair, transparent, clear, consistent, continuous, bilateral and development oriented (Kavanagh et al., 2007: p. 132-137; Boice and Kleiner, 1997: p. 197-201). As reiterated by Boice and Kleiner (1997: p. 197-201) and Gomez-Mejia (2007: p. 21-24), discrete, one-sided, ambiguous, misdirected, and judgemental appraisals are perceived to be unfair and result in negative cognitive response, demotivation and reduced performance of employees. Boice and Kleiner (1997: p. 198-199) argued that surprises during annual performance reviews may result in retaliation by employees given that they deserve the right to avail continuous feedback. OConnor et al. (2010: p. 729-735) described that performance measures need to be realistic, practical and transparent to the employees such that positive cognitive and behavioural responses can be achieved. The objective of performance appraisal system should be to motivate the employees to achieve highest performance levels against the measures and not get threatened by the measures perceiving that they may be used against them if supervisor is not happy OConnor et al. (2010: p. 729-735). 2.4 KFCs EPAS in measuring performance and motivating their staff KFC has highly congenial and highly vibrant work environment. KFCs EPAS is designed on peer recognition model in which employees can recognise each other by giving away champion cards against quick wins. This is also carried out vertically in which juniors can reward seniors and vice versa. Such on the job recognitions are mapped with the corporate goals and values. This system in KFC meets the SSMART objectives: supports organisational goals and values, simple and sincere, meaningful, adaptable, relevant and timely. (Huck, 2010: p. 1-3; Corporate Executive Board, 2006: p. 2-4) 2.5 Effects of KFCs EPAS on KFC performance and competitive advantages The reports by Huck (2010: p. 1-3), KFC Holdings (Malaysia) Annual Report (2009: p. 8-9) and Corporate Executive Board (2006: p. 2-4) revealed that the key competitive advantage of KFC is the high employee retention and productivity against close rivals like McDonalds. KFC has been rewarding their high performing employees consistently and have been able to retain talents by virtue of their on-the-spot recognition scheme. 2.6 Conclusions The EPAS system should ensure congruence between organisational goals and employee performance and hence cannot be achieved in discrete form (like annual reviews). It has to be continuous and on-the-job. The model by KFC is closely linked with the theories presented by Gabris and Ihrke (2000: 41-44), Kavanagh et al. (2007: p. 132-137) and Boice and Kleiner (1997: p. 197-201) that advocated transparency, consistency, bidirectional, fostering trust relationships, strengthening the colleagues on-the-job, setting of good examples, celebration of quick wins, heart to heart recognition by individuals, and celebration of group success as the key objectives of EPAS that can finally result in high employee motivation and corporate productivity. 2.7 Conceptual Framework The author proposes to conduct interpretive study in which the outcomes of the primary research shall be categorised, classified, and tagged appropriately such that wise interpretations can be drawn and compared with the theoretical foundation of past empirical studies. The author shall compare responses to all questions with the literature review, one-to-one, such that close correlation with the past theories can be framed. Gaps in KFCs EPAS against past theories and vice versa will be identified such that the conclusions and recommendations can be drawn. This approach is called qualitative interpretive study as described by Saunders et al. (2007: p. 44-107). Also Wolcott et al. (2002: p. 85-90) termed this approach as critical thinking research. This is further explained in the next chapter. 3.0 Research Design 3.1 Introduction AERA (2003: p. 2-11) emphasised that Research Design is the collection of various attributes of conducting the research that helps in making the study more focussed, purposive, unbiased, valid, reliable and ethical. Further to this, Bryman and Bell (2003: p. 3-45) described that Research Design begins with the philosophical approach that the author wants to take and leads to appropriate choices of methodology, approach, methods, instruments, sampling methods, data collection and analysis methods, pilot design and ethical considerations. The discussions follow. 3.2 Research Philosophy and Methodology Bryman and Bell (2003: p. 3-45) described that two philosophies are most prevalent in social and business research studies positivism and interpretivism. Positivists try to prove theories through research whereas interpreters try to learn theories through research. Hence, positivists always begin with hypotheses formulation and try to accept and reject them based on outcomes of study whereas interpreters begin with research questions and try to address them through learning from research. Hence, positivists always prefer scientific and objective research whereas interpreters prefer observational research, action research, descriptive research and critical thinking research. (Bryman and Bell, 2003: p. 3-45) Saunders et al. (2007: 44-107) described that positivists normally prefer quantitative research because it only takes numbers as inputs and comprises of scientific methods (like mathematical modelling, experimentation, statistical analysis, etc.) (Bryman, 2004: p. 59-77) whereas interpreters prefer qualitative research because it can take any form of inputs (text, numbers, pictures, etc.) and comprises of interpretive, analytical thinking and observational methods (Bryman and Bell, 2003: p. 3-24). The author perceives that positivists can frame hypotheses because they are seasoned experts in their respective subject matters and are very confident about what they want to prove. The author is an amateur in performance appraisal and hence wants to conduct this research to learn the best practices of EPAS from KFC and map them with literatures. Keeping this approach in mind, the author has selected interpretive philosophy with qualitative research. 3.3 Research Approach 3.3.1 Inductive Approach Qualitative researchers welcome any form of valid inputs (like text, numbers, pictures, voice recording, observations, experiences, etc.) and hence carry out inductive approach of learning (Bryman and Bell, 2003: p. 21-45). Given that the author has selected qualitative research, he wants to adopt inductive learning approach. 3.3.2 Deductive Approach Quantitative researchers only entertain numerical inputs that are applied in experimental setups or mathematical and statistical models to derive the outputs. The model of learning is in the form of P à   Q, where P is independent variable and Q is dependent variable and à   denotes the processor between P and Q. This is called deductive approach of learning. (Bryman and Bell, 2003: p. 21-45) The author has not adopted this approach because the methodology chosen is Qualitative. 3.4 Research Methods 3.4.1 Techniques and instruments Qualitative research is conducted using grounded theory, ethnography, phenomenology and action research techniques. Grounded theory employs learning from past theories, ethnography employs human observation and analysis, phenomenology employs learning from human experience and action research employs learning by participation and involvement. Grounded theory doesnt employ any specific instrument, ethnography employs observation charts, phenomenology employs structured and semi structured questionnaire and action research employs cause-effect charts. (Thompson and Walker, 1998: p. 63-69) The author wants to study EPAS by capturing human experiences (employees at KFC) and hence has proposed the choice of phenomenology with structured questionnaire. As described by Thompson and Walker (1998: p. 63-69), structured questionnaire helps in reducing bias and improving validity because the respondents are closely tied to the context of the questions. These reasons supported the authors choice of structured questionnaire. 3.4.2 Data Sampling, collection and analysis The author has chosen purposive sampling against quota sampling, convenience sampling and snowball sampling. Purposive sampling deals with mapping each possible candidate with pre-determined qualification criteria. Quota sampling deals with purposive sampling for multiple populations with different pre-determined criteria sets, convenience sampling deals with choosing respondents by virtue of ease of access and snowball sampling deals with testing purposive sampling against multiple pre-determined criteria sets and expanding the one that is most relevant. The data collection shall be cross sectional (not tagged with historical significance) and the data analysis shall be interpretive with critical thinking approach. This is further explained in the Reflections chapter. (Cooper and Schindler, 2003: p. 34-109). 3.4.3 Pilot Study As reiterated by Saunders et al. (2007: p. 52-63), pilot study can be very useful to enhance the quality of the instrument and test the interpretations of respondents and validity of the questions asked. It also helps in measuring time taken in conducting interviews. The author proposes to conduct pilot study among few friends and request for constructive feedback to enhance the questionnaire. 3.5 Conclusions The author has proposed to conduct the study employing interpretive philosophy, qualitative methodology, inductive learning approach, phenomenology technique, purposive sampling, cross sectional data collection and interpretive data analysis with critical thinking approach. 3.5.1 Validity and Reliability The validity and reliability shall be assured by carefully designing the structured questionnaire instrument and conducting pilot study to test and enhance it. The structured questionnaire instrument shall be based on the review of most relevant literatures and will be aligned with the research questions and objectives. 3.5.2 Generalisability Although the findings shall be applicable to KFC (due to case study approach), the author shall closely map the findings with the outcomes of the literature review to achieve generalisations. 4.0 Access and Resource Implications 4.1 Access to Subjects The author has access to employees in KFC given his association with the organisation. The study shall be conducted on selected employees of KFC outlets in London after obtaining permission from the Restaurant Managers. 4.2 Ethical Considerations The research shall be conducted in transparent manner keeping the rationale of study very clear to all respondents and the Restaurant Managers. The willingness to participate will be obtained from all respondents prior to starting the study. No deception shall be carried out in any form or shape. In addition, the author shall ensure that the emotional aspects, beliefs and ethnic/religious origin will be highly respected in the process of conducting the study. Moreover, the author shall honour the intellectual properties of literature sources by using Harvard referencing. 4.3 Resources The author proposes to conduct the study alone although volunteers are always welcome. The author plans to conduct face to face interviews and hence will have to bear travel expenses to all outlets and distribute the questionnaire in printed format. The theoretical foundation established from literature review shall be the primary resource that will help in accurate mapping with primary research and critical thinking. 5.0 Proposed Action Plan The author proposes the following action plan for the study. The weeks are proposed to be counted from the day the author gets a go-head from his supervisor to proceed with the study. The overall project shall be completed in eight weeks including weekends whereby the author has planned to dedicate about four hours per day to the study except the Week 6 in which the author may have to work for eight to ten hours a day to secure access to all respondents and conduct the interviews. The author has planned to conduct this entire research alone although volunteers to extend helping hand will always be welcomed. Activity Weeks WK1 WK2 WK3 WK4 WK5 WK6 WK7 WK8 The chapter 1 comprising of research context, aim and objectives, research questions and research structure design will be completed. The author shall conduct extensive research on various journal articles, past research reports, peer reviewed internet sites, books etc. and prepare the list of relevant literatures that shall be included in the References section. The author shall complete Literature Review Chapter (2) and Research Design and Methodology chapter (3). The author shall conduct purposive sampling to select respondents, design the questionnaire and conduct the interviews. (parts of chapter 4) The author shall interpret the responses, map with literature review, discuss the mappings critically and them present the conclusions and generalisations. (Parts of Chapter 4 and the entire Chapter 5). 6.0 Reflections on Learning As explained by Evans (2007: p. 1-4), the research is closely implicated with the ethics, values and cultural identity of the researcher. The philosophical considerations of the research is closely linked with what the researcher wants to achieve out of the study. Evans (2007: p. 104) and Cornish et al. (2007: p. 1-16) further described that the researcher may like to conduct research to study a problem area in depth that he/she wants to address in future, to closely study and understand the subject matter where he/she wants to build his career, discover the solutions to problems that has been bothering him/her for a long time, prove the existence of some theories or correlations between some variables that he/she has discovered during his/her experience in this world, to promote the light of education and learning, etc. The learning methods in research has often clashed in the past like the epistemological oppositions between Interpretivism and Positivism that has been prevailing f or ages (Lorenz, 1998: p. 309-316). The interpreters have been largely depending upon human analytics skills and positivists have been largely depending upon scientific evidence of existing phenomena in natural sciences (Lorenz, 1998: p. 309-316). But Bowden (2005: p. 4-52) and Irez (2007: p. 17-27) presented very unique reflection that can diminish all conflicts and standoffs among different believers. He explained that every researcher wants to know the truth and hence it doesnt matter how he/she knows the truth as long as he is able to get to it. The truth always more important than beliefs of individuals (Irez (2007: p. 18-19). If this is the case then why shouldnt we forget all the conflicts and employ the best of all philosophies and methodologies? He analysed that this thought approach may be correlated with the philosophy of Realism which is neither linked with positivism nor with interpretivism. Every research is in fact the relationship between subjects and aspects of the world. This is what comprises of the truth. One may like to know the truth by engaging with the subjects (interpretivism) or with the aspects of the world (positivism) or with both (realism). This can be understood from the following figure presented by Bowden (2005): Figure 1: The concept of Realism presented by Bowden (2005) The outcome may be descriptive, analytical or critical thinking. In descriptive outcome, the researcher may like to describe the outcomes to build a new theory, in analytical outcome the researcher may like to analyse the outcomes with respect to past theories and in critical thinking outcome the researcher may like to critically think on existing perceptions or existing ways of thinking and compare with the research outcomes to evolve the similarities and differences. (Bowden, 2005: p. 4-52; Wolcott et al., 2002: p. 85-103) As described by Wolcott et al. (2002: p. 85-103), critical thinking is a human skill that is developed by cognitive thinking and analysis (learning from the tangible evidences with a wider out of box thinking approach). It neither involves open ended interpretations nor a blind belief on experimentation or simulation results. The researcher applies cognitive thinking to all the outputs by comparing with multiple valid evidences (inputs) without showing any bias towards a particular type of input. The author has adopted critical thinking approach in this study. In this approach the author shall first develop theoretical foundation about the EPAS framework by browsing through various research reports, journal articles, books, peer reviewed Internet sources, etc. and short-listing the most relevant resources with respect to the research questions and research objectives. The structured questionnaire shall be an outcome of the theoretical foundation formed with the help of the literature review and shall be closely aligned with all the research questions. The responses of structured questionnaire will be closely mapped with the literature review by interpreting and analyzing the outcomes of each question independently and comparing with the theoretical foundation. The differences and similarities between the literature review outcomes and the structured questionnaire outcomes will be evolved by following critical thinking approach and finally the conclusions, recommendations and generalisations will be presented. The author believes in knowing the truth and hence is highly influenced with the realism philosophy. However, interpretivism has been selected in the research design because the author is not a subject matter expert of EPAS and hence wants to learn it by following the inductive learning approach. In future, the author wants to develop his career as human resources manager and hence wants to learn the best practices of EPAS thoroughly given that the author perceives it to be the most difficult challenge in human resources management given that the recipients are the agents that are highly impacted by the EPAS framework. In general, the author wants to develop his skills pertaining to focussed research, discovering the sources of information, finding the truth, critical analytics and deriving specific and general conclusions. These skills are very important in human resources management field because all policies and procedures (like the EPAS framework) are results of reflections from the employee surveys and measurement of their performance at work (Bradley and Ashkanasy, 2001: p. 83-96). The framework itself is meaningless if the criteria of measurements, evaluations and decision making is not understood and accepted by both the parties the appraisers and the appraisees. If the author achieves the role of Human Resources Manager, he perceives that two way communications based on research efforts and fact finding efforts will be key to success and accurate data and information will be the key driver to successful HR planning and implementation, especially in designing the EPAS framework. These skil ls can be generated with the help of this study. Finally, the author wants to reiterate that he will take the learning to his professional world and apply them as actionable outcomes, not only to practice his profession efficiently and effectively but also conduct more academic research studies in future. This study is expected to be very useful for students as well as professionals.